機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化論文，論文編號(hào):JX1178  論文字?jǐn)?shù):18226.頁(yè)數(shù):46 附任務(wù)書，開題報(bào)告，文獻(xiàn)綜述，外文翻譯

摘要
 隨著近年來傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展，多電機(jī)傳動(dòng)已被越來越廣泛地應(yīng)用于各種領(lǐng)域中。為了提高多電機(jī)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)和穩(wěn)態(tài)性能，以及滿足一些特定系統(tǒng)對(duì)于多電機(jī)精確同步的要求，多電機(jī)同步控制方法的研究也變得越來越重要。一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的同步控制方法要兼顧系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)方面，因此同步控制方法的研究要深入到速度和力矩的雙重同步，它的成功研究可以應(yīng)用到軍事、航空以及一般工業(yè)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域中，為需要統(tǒng)一動(dòng)作功能的多臺(tái)電機(jī)提供協(xié)調(diào)控制技術(shù)。
　　在多電機(jī)同步控制中，各電機(jī)之間實(shí)時(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)通信是很重要的。為了滿足這個(gè)要求，檢測(cè)每個(gè)電機(jī)的速度和電流（即力矩）數(shù)據(jù)以及傳送指令都需要大量復(fù)雜的數(shù)據(jù)信號(hào)線。因此傳統(tǒng)的通信技術(shù)可能因?yàn)榻泳�復(fù)雜、噪音以及數(shù)據(jù)線的維護(hù)而降低系統(tǒng)的可靠性，增加成本。為了解決這個(gè)問題，本文提出了一種基于PROFIBUS-DP總線通信的多電機(jī)同步控制系統(tǒng)模型。因?yàn)镻ROFIBUS-DP總線的特點(diǎn)，使得系統(tǒng)接線簡(jiǎn)單，易于修改和完善，并且可以達(dá)到系統(tǒng)對(duì)于實(shí)時(shí)性和穩(wěn)定性的要求。
　　在這個(gè)系統(tǒng)中，以S7-300 PLC為主站，通過PROFIBUS-DP總線連接4個(gè)S7-200 PLC從站,同時(shí)S7-300 PLC還要通過PROFIBUS現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線和人機(jī)界面及變頻器通訊連接。PROFIBUS現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線是一種國(guó)際性的、開放的、已在世界范圍內(nèi)得到廣泛應(yīng)用的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線。采用PROFIBUS現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線的系統(tǒng)，對(duì)于不同廠家所生產(chǎn)的設(shè)備之間，不需要對(duì)接口進(jìn)行特別的處理和轉(zhuǎn)換就可以通信。因此，本次設(shè)計(jì)選用PROFIBUS現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線非常實(shí)用，又節(jié)省設(shè)計(jì)成本。其中1個(gè)S7-200 PLC控制伺服電機(jī)，從而由伺服電機(jī)控制凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)，以此最后滿足自動(dòng)裝配機(jī)上的各機(jī)械手動(dòng)作變化要求；其余3個(gè)S7-200 PLC控制6臺(tái)步進(jìn)電機(jī)，從而控制裝配機(jī)各料桿的上升、下降動(dòng)作。此外，S7-300 PLC由RS-485接口，經(jīng)過PROFIBUS現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線連接MM420，從而控制大異步電機(jī)的啟動(dòng)、停止與調(diào)速，最后實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)裝配機(jī)主轉(zhuǎn)盤的啟動(dòng)、停止與調(diào)速；而用于控制轉(zhuǎn)位料倉(cāng)的其余6臺(tái)異步電機(jī)直接由S7-300控制，能實(shí)現(xiàn)啟動(dòng)和停止。

 關(guān)鍵詞:裝配機(jī)，多電機(jī)，同步控制，PROFIBUS-DP總線，智能控制。
　　

Abstract
　　 Multiple motors have been used for driving systems widely in recent years to meet the increased requirement of driving systems. In order to improve the dynamic and static performances， and to increase the load ability of the system， the problem of synchronized drive of multiple motors must be taken seriously， thus， the synchronized control of multiple motors is very important. A successful synchronized control scheme must control both the speed and the moment .In this sense， synchronization refers to controlling current and velocities of the motors relative to each other so that they remain well-coordinated.
     In case of synchronization for multiple motors， the real time data communication is necessary. In order to satisfy this requirement， the complex signal lines are usually used to detect the speed and current of each motor and to command the desired speed and moment. Such a traditional implementation technique induces many problems in the view of reliability and economy because of the amount and complexity of wiring， noise and maintenance problems， etc. In order to remove these problems， a simple synchronization system with the aid of serial communication using PROFIBUS-DP is proposed in this paper. In this case， inflexible and expensive special wiring is not necessary. Furthermore， the system can be modified in terms of network nodes without changing the wiring.
 In this system，this assembly control system takes S7-300 PLC as a master station, through PROFIBUS-DP connect with 4 S7-200 PLC as slave stations, and simultaneously S7-300 PLC must communicate with the human machine interface as well as MM420 through PROFIBUS. PROFIBUS is an international, open, have been widely used worldwide fieldbus. The equipments produced by different manufacturers of the equipment can be communicated without special handling and transformation when using PROFIBUS in the system. Therefore, this design selects the PROFIBUS to be practical, and decrease design cost as well. A S7-200 PLC controls the servo motor, thus by the servo motor control cam gear, so finally satisfies on various manipulators of the automatic assembly machine to act the changing movement. Other 3 S7-200 PLC control 6 stepping motors, thus control the up and down of the assembly machine's six material poles. In addition, S7-300 PLC connects through PROFIBUS with MM420 by the RS-485 interface, to control the start and speed of the large asynchronous motor, which finally makes the automatic assembly machine main dividing plate start, stop and speed. And the other 6 asynchronous motors which used in controlling the six storehouses are controlled directly by S7-300 to start and stop.
 Key words:Multi-motor, synchronous control, S7-300 S7-200 Profibus Fieldbus Wincc MM420
目  錄
摘  要 I
外文摘要 III
目  錄 V
第一章  緒 論 1
1.1  多電機(jī)協(xié)同控制研究的現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2  裝配機(jī)研究的現(xiàn)狀 1
1.3  同步控制在裝配機(jī)上的應(yīng)用 2
1.4  PLC的應(yīng)用背景和趨勢(shì) 2
1.5  PLC的應(yīng)用價(jià)值 2
1.6  S7-300的特點(diǎn)及應(yīng)用背景 3
1.7  系統(tǒng)概述和研究方法 3
1.8  論文的設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù) 4
1.9  本章小結(jié) 5
第二章  系統(tǒng)整體方案 6
2.1  S7-300硬件概述 6
2.2  STEP7的編程語(yǔ)言 7
2.3  S7-300與 S7-200的通訊 7
2.4  S7-300的通訊接口 11
2.5  控制系統(tǒng)流水線動(dòng)作細(xì)分 12
2.6  系統(tǒng)總體流程設(shè)計(jì) 17
2.7  初始化巡檢流程圖 17
2.8  S7-300與人機(jī)界面的通信 18
2.9  本章小結(jié) 19
第三章  伺服電機(jī)單電機(jī)控制 20
3.1  伺服電機(jī)軟硬件設(shè)置 20
3.2 S7-300與S7-200的通信約定 20
3.3  伺服電機(jī)的調(diào)試流程圖 21
3.4  伺服電機(jī)的調(diào)試部分程序舉例 21
3.5  本章小結(jié) 23
第四章  異步電機(jī)單電機(jī)控制 24
4.1 大異步電機(jī)控制規(guī)劃 24
4.2 小異步電機(jī)控制規(guī)劃 24
4.3  S7-300與MM420的PROFIBUS-DP通訊 24
4.4 組態(tài) MICROMASTER 4 24
4.5 在MICROMASTER上設(shè)置參數(shù) 25
4.6 使MM420準(zhǔn)備運(yùn)行 26
4.7 由PLC控制MM420 26
4.8  異步電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)調(diào)試流程圖 27
4.9  異步電機(jī)調(diào)試控制系統(tǒng)程序舉例 27
4.10  伺服、異步聯(lián)動(dòng)調(diào)試流程圖 28
4.11  本章小結(jié) 29
第五章  步進(jìn)電機(jī)單電機(jī)控制 30
5.1  步進(jìn)電機(jī)的概述 30
5.2  步進(jìn)電機(jī)軟硬件設(shè)置 30
5.3  S7-300控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)流程圖 33
5.4  本章小結(jié) 33
第六章  全自動(dòng)運(yùn)行控制系統(tǒng) 34
6.1  全自動(dòng)運(yùn)行時(shí)的控制要求 34
6.2  全自動(dòng)運(yùn)行時(shí)的控制流程圖 34
6.3  全自動(dòng)運(yùn)行時(shí)伺服、異步同步聯(lián)動(dòng) 36
6.4  本章小結(jié) 38
第七章 總結(jié) 39
參考文獻(xiàn) 41